Before understanding how to setup a domain name, one should know how a domain name works.
There are three parts to setup domain name for a website -
(i) registering the domain name with a domain registrar,
(ii) setting up the domain name entry in a DNS server, and finally
(iii) configuring the web server to listen to the requests for the domain name.
A request for the domain (e.g. http://websitegear.com) starts at one of the registrar's server, which then routes it to a DNS server containing the DNS information for the domain. Once the DNS record for the domain resolves the domain name to a particular IP address, the request is sent to the web server listening to that IP address. The web server can now delegate the request to the particular website based on the domain name in the host header of the request object.
Registering A Domain Name
A domain name needs to be registered with one of the ICANN (http://www.icann.org) approved domain registrars for a yearly registration fee. One of the cheapest registrar with all the required features is GoDaddy.com (http://www.godaddy.com). There are registrars for each country specific domain names (such as .co.uk for United Kingdom, .nl for Netherlands). One should choose a domain name very carefully. After deciding on an available domain name, one has to provide the following information during the registration process:
Domain name owner credentials (name, company name, address, phone, email address etc.)
Administrative contact credentials
Technical contact credentials
Domain Name System (DNS) server details
The DNS server (also known as name server) is usually provided by the web hosting company. The DNS server should have entries of the domain name as explained in the next section. At least a primary (e.g. ns1.websitegear.net) and a secondary (e.g. ns2.websitegear.net)name server addresses are required. DNS server setup requires extra knowledge and is not within the scope of this article.
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